How Fake Receipts Are Used to Scam Renters in Nigeria — And How to Avoid It

 A Painful Lesson: When a Receipt Means Nothing

Last year, Ade, a young software developer in Abuja, finally found an affordable two-bedroom flat. The “landlord” was friendly, well-spoken, and quick to show the property. After some negotiation, Ade paid ₦800,000 for one year’s rent.

The landlord promptly issued an official-looking receipt with a stamped letterhead and signature. Ade thought he was safe.

Two weeks later, the real owner of the property showed up, shocked to find “a stranger living in his house.” The receipt Ade had was fake, the fraudster had forged documents and already rented the same apartment to three different people.

How Common Is This Scam?

Fake receipt scams are a growing trend:

• 4 in 10 Nigerians have been defrauded or know someone scammed while renting (NOIPolls).
• Lagos alone accounts for 48% of property-related fraud cases (BusinessDay).
• ₦52.26 billion was lost to fraud in 2024, up 196% from the previous year (Nairametrics).
• Many scams involve forged receipts, fake tenancy agreements, or cloned letterheads.

How Scammers Make Fake Receipts

1. They create forged letterheads using free templates online.
2. They use fake company stamps bought cheaply at printing shops.
3. They copy authentic landlord or agency names to appear legitimate.

How to Spot a Fake Rent Receipt

1. Check the landlord/agent’s identity. Call official numbers listed with verified real estate platforms.
2. Look for unusual errors, misspelled names, inconsistent logos, or blurry stamps.
3. Cross-check bank details, ensure payment is made to the property owner or registered agency, not personal accounts.
4. Confirm tenancy agreements, real landlords always have a formal tenancy agreement, not just a receipt.

Key Takeaway

A receipt is not proof of legitimacy. Always verify property ownership and agency status before paying rent.